FinSmart Studio

FinSmart calculation guide

Understanding loan repayment methods.

Written and reviewed by Jisung Kim · Updated 2026-08-05

Two loans with the same principal, nominal rate and term can produce different payment patterns depending on how principal is repaid.

Equal-payment method

The common annuity formula keeps the scheduled payment approximately level when the monthly rate is fixed. Early payments contain more interest; later payments contain more principal.

Equal-principal method

Principal is divided evenly across all months. Interest is calculated on the remaining balance, so the first payment is usually the largest and later payments decline.

Why a lender may show a different number

Real contracts may use daily interest, exact dates, fees, insurance, payment holidays, variable rates and institution-specific rounding. FinSmart uses a simplified monthly model and displays the first 12 rows for explanation.

How to compare responsibly

  1. Compare both first payment and total interest.
  2. Confirm whether the quoted rate is nominal or effective.
  3. Add fees and insurance separately.
  4. Use the lender's official schedule before signing.

Open the loan calculator · Read the methodology

Not a lender quote. The calculator is for mathematical comparison and planning.